Urban Integrity:  The City of Nicosia, Turkish Republic Of Northern Cyprus

Cyprus island has witnessed the history, especially in the last thousand years, of different cultures and their sovereignties. In the 19. Century, the process of turning the Ottoman island into a British dominion starting by 1877, opened a new phase in the development of both the island and its cities. Nicosia began to spread outside the city walls after 1925 largely, when the island was fully dominionized by the British. In this period some new roads and a square were done to improve urban integrity. In 1959, The Republic of Cyprus was established and the island gained independence in 1960. However, due to ever climbing political and social unrest the country and its capital Nicosia was divided into two parts in 1974. The new situation opened another phase in the development of the Northern part and its Capital affecting the social life in terms of integrity, coherence and bore negative pressures on its economy as a result of the embargo applied by the western world.
In this new situation there is a practical difficulty to write Nicosia's. There are some long and complicated alternatives to write it, for examples; Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus City of Nicosia, etc. However, write just Nicosia for TRNC Nicosia will provide ease of expression in the essay.
It is interesting to see by various studies that possibility of integrating cities via improvement of pedestrian accessibility seems to be of prime importance (Hillier et al.). The very same effect is studied and sought by several researchers recently on vehicle transportation (Figueiredo ve Amorim, Turner, Paul, Pereira, Holanda, Barros, Ciravo�lu etc.). In this study, the Nicosia transportation network is analized by space syntax method and is used to determine the the ways which could increase its integrity under different scenarios.

Keywords: Urban integrity, Nicosia transportation network, topo-geometric space syntax analysis, accessibility, social integration

Kentsel B�t�nle�iklik: Kuzey K�br�s T�rk Cumhuriyeti Lefko�a Kenti �rne�i

Hasan Zafersoy, Harun Bat�rbaygil
Yak�n Do�u �niversitesi Mimarl�k Fak�ltesi, Mimarl�k Ana Bilim Dal�, Lefko�a, KKTC

K�br�s adas�, tarih boyunca ve �zellikle son bin y�lda de�i�ik k�lt�r ve egemenliklere tan�kl�k etmi�tir. XIX.yy'da Osmanl� topra�� olan Ada'n�n 1877 de ba�layan �ngiliz s�m�rgesine d�n��me s�recinde kentlerde de bir de�i�im ve geli�im d�nemi ba�lam��t�r. Buna g�re, adan�n tam olarak �ngiliz hakimiyeti alt�na girdi�i 1925 y�l�ndan itibaren Lefko�a'n�n, sur d�� alanda yay�lmas� h�z kazanm��t�r ve kentsel b�t�nle�ikli�in art�r�lmas� maksad�yla y�netim taraf�ndan yol a��n�n geli�tirilmesi ve meydanlar gibi uygulamalar ger�ekle�tirilmi�tir. 1959'da K�br�s Cumhuriyeti ilan edilmi� ve 1960 y�l�nda ise Ada ba��ms�zl��n� kazanm��t�r. Fakat sonras�nda giderek artan siyasal ve sosyal olaylar nedeniyle, 1974 y�l�nda Ada ile beraber Lefko�a da fiziki olarak ikiye b�l�nm��t�r. Bu yeni durumda adan�n kuzey kesimi ile ba�kenti Lefko�a�n�n kentsel b�t�nle�iklik ba�lam�nda birlikteliklerin ve sosyal ya�am�n �e�itli etkilere maruz kald�� yeni bir d�nem daha ba�lam��, bat� d�nyas� taraf�ndan uygulanan ambargo sonucunda da bask� alt�nda bir ekonomi olu�mu�tur.
�kiye b�l�nd�kten sonra Lefko�a�lar�n an�lmas� da baz� pratik zorluklar getirmektedir. Ayr�nt�l� olarak Kuzey K�br�s T�rk Cumhuriyeti Lefko�a Kenti veya k�saca KKTC Lefko�a, veya mektupta anar gibi Lefko�a KKTC yazman�n do�ru g�r�nmesine kar��n uzun ve karma��kt�r. Bir ba�kas�, Kuzey � G�ney ay�r�m� yaparak Kuzey Lefko�a olarak ifade etmek olabilir. Ancak makalede aksi bir durumla kar��la��lmad�k�a KKTC Lefko�a kentini �Lefko�a� olarak anmak sadelik getirecek ve anlat�m kolayl�� sa�layacakt�r.
Ula��m a�lar�ndaki b�t�nle�iklik ile �zellikle yaya ula��m yap�s� aras�nda bir ili�ki oldu�unun �e�itli �al��malarda vurgulanm�� olmas� �ok �nemli ve ilgi �ekicidir (Hillier ve di�erleri). Ayn� etkinin, son zamanlarda ta��t ula��m a�lar� �zerinden inceleyen (Figueiredo ve Amorim, Turner, Paul, Pereira, Holanda, Barros, Ciravo�lu vd.) ve bu bak��la yap�lm�� e�itli �al��malar bulunmaktad�r. Bu �al��mada ise Lefko�a'n�n ula��m a�lar� mekan dizimi y�ntemi ile analiz edilmi� ve kentin bu ba�lamda yap�s� irdelenmi�, kentsel b�t�nle�ikli�in geli�tirilebilirli�i modellemeler arac�l��yla incelenmi�tir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Kentsel b�t�nle�iklik, Lefko�a ula��m a��, topo-geometrik mekan dizimi analizi, eri�ilebilirlik, sosyal b�t�nle�iklik

Hasan Zafersoy, Harun Bat�rbaygil. Urban Integrity: The City of Nicosia, Turkish Republic Of Northern Cyprus. Megaron. 2014; 9(4): 289-311

Corresponding Author: Hasan Zafersoy, K.K.T.C.

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