Regional Structure of Social Capital and Civil Society in Turkey

Civil Society can be defined as the ability of organizations and individuals with civic consciousness to cope with social problems. It is also accepted as a source of regional development. Social capital plays an important role in civil society through the trust, norms and networks that facilitate actions and the effectiveness of society. In this context, the structure of civil society in the NUTS II regions of Turkey has been put forth as the main theme of this paper. Indicators defining civil society according to the social capital literature have been produced by primary and secondary data and grouped under specific headings through factor analysis. Accordingly, the indicators that define civil society have been categorized under three basic components: Sociality, Charity and Active Participation. Weight coefficients of factor analysis have been used in deriving the civil society index for NUTS II regions. Thus, the regional distribution of a civil society index consisting of three sub-indices was evaluated. Findings of the analysis reveal the differences between eastern and western regions of Turkey and metropolitan cities.

Keywords: Participation, civil society; social capital; Turkey.

T�rkiye�de Sosyal Sermaye ve Sivil Toplumun B�lgesel Yap�s�

Tuba �nal �eki&775;�
Y�ld�z Teknik �niversitesi Mimarl�k Fak�ltesi, �ehir Ve B�lge Planlama B�l�m�, �stanbul.

G�n�ll�l�k temelinde �rg�tlenme ve yurtta�l�k bilincine dayanan bir geli�mi�lik d�zeyi ve toplumun problemlerle ba�etme becerisi olarak tan�mlanan sivil toplum, ayn� zamanda b�lgesel geli�menin kayna�� olarak da kabul edilmektedir. Eylemleri kolayla�t�rmak suretiyle toplumun etkinli�ini artt�ran, g�ven, normlar ve ileti�im a�lar� ile a��klanan sosyal sermaye teorisi de toplumsal ya�ama kat�l�m ve yurtta�l�k bilincine dayanarak sivil topluma �nemli bir rol atfetmektedir. S�z konusu teorik �er�eveye ba�l� olarak T�rkiye�nin D�zey 2 b�lgelerindeki sivil toplum yap�s� makalenin konusunu olu�turmaktad�r. Bu kapsamda sivil toplumu tan�mlayan birinci ve ikinci el kaynaklardan �retilen g�stergeler, de�i�kenleri gruplamak amac�yla kullan�lan fakt�r analizi arac�l��yla belirli ba�l�klar alt�nda toplanm��t�r. Buna g�re T�rkiye�de sivil toplumu tan�mlayan g�stergeler �yard�m ve ba��, �aktif kat�l�m� ve �toplumsall�k� olmak �zere �� ba�l�kta tan�mlanm�� ve analiz sonucunda ortaya ��kan temel bile�enlerin a��rl�k katsay�lar� D�zey 2 b�lgeler i�in sivil toplum endeksi olu�turulmas�nda kullan�lm��t�r. B�ylece �� alt endeksten olu�an sivil toplum endeksinin b�lgesel da��l�m� de�erlendirilmi�tir. Ara�t�rman�n bulgular� metropol kentler ve �lkenin do�usu ile bat�s� aras�ndaki farkl�l�klar� ortaya koymaktad�r.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Kat�l�m, sivil toplum; sosyal sermaye; T�rkiye.

Tuba �nal �eki&775;�. Regional Structure of Social Capital and Civil Society in Turkey. Megaron. 2012; 7(3): 181-190

Corresponding Author: Tuba �nal �eki&775;�, T�rkiye

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