Objective and Subjective Determination of the Surface Visibility

�ensin Ya�mur¹, M�jgan �erefhano�lu S�zen²
¹Department of Architecture, Building Science And Technology Division, Y�ld�z Technical University, Faculty of Architecture, Istanbul, Turkey
²Department of Architecture Retired Lecturer, Y�ld�z Technical University,Faculty of Architecture, Istanbul, Turkey

Surfaces in our environment are secondary light sources. They do not produce light, but reflect or transmit the light that comes upon them. These surfaces which are transparent, translucent and opaque can be bright, silky or dull and coloured or colourless. The visibility of the surfaces can be assessed by two ways as objective and subjective. In the objective evaluation, luminance is affective which can be found by calculation and measurement and is the only photometric magnitude that can be seen. In the subjective evaluation, visibility changes as the logarithm of the visual stimulus depending on the physiological structure of the human eye. In other words, brightness that is the sensation of luminance (visual stimulus) is affective in subjective evaluation. The more luminance/brightness quantity, the more visibility of surfaces. But, it should be noted that high luminances create glare, low luminances provide ineffective surface visibility. In this study, visibility phenomenon and magnitudes that affect this phenomenon are explained, objective and subjective visibility of dull surfaces are examined.

Keywords: Visibility, visibility factor; luminance; brightness.

Y�zeylerin G�r�n�rl�klerinin Nesnel ve �znel Y�nden De�erlendirilmesi

�ensin Ya�mur¹, M�jgan �erefhano�lu S�zen²
¹Y�ld�z Teknik �niversitesi Mimarl�k Fak�ltesi, Mimarl�k B�l�m�, Yap� Bilgisi Anabilim Dal�, �stanbul
²Y�ld�z Teknik �niversitesi Mimarl�k Fak�ltesi, Mimarl�k B�l�m�, Yap� Bilgisi Anabilim Dal� Emekli ��retim �yesi, �stanbul

�evremizde yer alan y�zeyler birer ikincil ��k kayna��d�r. Kendileri ��k �retmez, �zerlerine gelen �� yans�t�r ve/ya da ge�irirler. Saydam, yar� saydam ve saydams�z olan bu y�zeyler; parlak, ipe�imsi ya da donuk (mat) ve renkli ya da renksiz olabilirler. Y�zeylerin g�r�n�rl��, nesnel ve �znel olmak �zere iki �ekilde de�erlendirilebilir. Nesnel de�erlendirmede, hesap ve �l�me yoluyla bulunabilen ve g�r�nen tek ��k�l��msel b�y�kl�k olan ��kl�l�k rol oynar. �znel de�erlendirmede ise ara� insan g�z� oldu�u i�in, insan g�z�n�n fizyolojik yap�s�na ba�l� olarak, g�r�n�rl�k ��ksal uyart�n�n logaritmas� olan par�lt� ile belirlenir. Di�er bir deyi�le, g�r�n�rl��n �znel de�erlendirmesinde, ��kl�l��n ruhduyumsal kar��l�� olan par�lt� etkilidir. I��kl�l��n/par�lt�n�n �ok olmas�, y�zey g�r�n�rl��n�n daha fazla olmas�na, kimi zaman kama�ma yaratmas�na, az olmas� ise y�zeylerin etkisiz g�r�nmesine neden olur. Bu �al��mada, g�r�n�rl�k kavram� ve bu kavram� etkileyen b�y�kl�klerle ilgili bilgi verilerek, renksiz ve renkli donuk (mat) y�zeylerin nesnel ve �znel y�nden g�r�n�rl�klerinin de�erlendirilmesine yer verilmi�tir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: G�r�n�rl�k, g�r�n�rl�k �arpan�, ��kl�l�k; par�lt�.

�ensin Ya�mur, M�jgan �erefhano�lu S�zen. Objective and Subjective Determination of the Surface Visibility. Megaron. 2019; 14(3): 410-416

Corresponding Author: �ensin Ya�mur, T�rkiye

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