Evaluation of Mass Housing at the Pre-Design Stage

Throughout history, housing has been a central problem in the lives of human beings. Housing, which includes shelter for family and functional volumes that meet social needs, used to be built specifically for the family. The concept of �Mass Housing� entered the field of architecture as a result of the industrial revolution, when lavish Renaissance housing gradually turned into housing for workers. Today, the demand for housing cannot keep up with fast-growing populations. Besides the quantitative problems of housing production, there is the ever- growing problem of quality, the solution to which lies with designer architects. On this issue of quality, Post Occupation Evaluation (POE) studies, conducted to provide data for upcoming designs, and certificate evaluations like LEED and BREEAM, aimed at measuring energy performance effectiveness of new buildings, mostly involve measurements of usage of the building envelope, environmental relations, facilities and usage of natural resources. None prioritize the form and function issues of spatial usage in architectural designs. This study proposes a method that enables spatial and functional measurement and assessment at the project stage. The suggested spatial performance measurement�assessment system has three stages. In the first stage, the standards and usage criteria to be used as reference in the assessment are defined. The second stage suggests using the SAR analysis approach, and the third stage is about conducting �Spatial Performance Assessment�. Here, the common denominator of �User System� and �Building System�, which shares characteristic design criteria �Form, Function,Construction� is established and by this way, testing and assessing the subject of study becomes possible. With these assessments, by providing digitalization of spatial performance with proportional values, it is believed that a database for the provision of statistical information may be established.

Keywords: Mass housing, SAR analysis, spatial performance measurement, design criteria, housing evaluation

Toplu Konutlar�n �n Tasar�m A�amas�nda De�erlendirilmesi

Kozan Uzuno�lu, Harun �zer
Yak�n Do�u �niversitesi, Mimarl�k Fak�ltesi, Mimarl�k Ana Bilim Dal�, Lefko�a / Kktc

Konut insano�lu�nun en �nemli sorunu olarak �a�lar boyu s�re gelmektedir. Ailenin bar�na�� olan ve be�eri gereksinimini kar��layan fonksiyonel hacimleri i�eren konut, tekil olarak aileye �zg� in�a edilirdi. R�nesans�n g�rkemli konutlar�n�n in�as� sonras�nda, end�stri devriminin gere�i olan i��i evleri ile ba�layan toplu olarak in�a etme �Toplu Konut� kavram�n� mimarl�k alan�na ta��m��t�r. G�nden g�ne b�y�yen n�fus art��na paralel olarak konut �retimi talebi kar��layamaz durumdad�r.

Konut �retiminde niceliksel sorunlar�n yan�nda ve �nemi herg�n daha fazla hissedilen �nitelik� sorunu tasar�mc� mimarlar�n ��zmesi gereken bir kalite sorunudur. Bu konuda sonraki tasar�mlara veri sa�lamak amac�yla yap�lan KSD (Kullan�m Sonras� De�erlendirme) �al��malar�, yine binalar�n enerji performans etkinli�ini hedef alan LEED, BREEAM gibi sertifika de�erlendirmeleri, a��rl�kl� olarak, yap� kabu�u, �evre ili�kileri, tesisat ve do�al kaynak kullan�mlar� ile ilgili �l��mlemeleri yapmaktad�r. Bu �al��malar mimari tasar�mlar�n mekansal kullan�mlar� ile ilgili bi�im ve i�lev (fonksiyon) konular�n� yeterince �n plana ��karmamaktad�r.

Bu �al��mada, proje a�amas�nda mekansal ve i�levsel olarak �l�me ve de�erlendirmenin yap�labilmesine olanak sa�layan bir y�ntem �nerilmi�tir. �nerilen mekansal performans �l�me � de�erlendirme sistemati�i �� a�amal�d�r. Birinci a�amada de�erlendirmeye referans olacak standartlar ve kullan�m kriterleri belirlenmektedir. �kinci a�ama �SAR Analizleri� yakla��m�ndan yararlan�lmas�, ��nc� a�ama ise �Mekansal Performans De�erlendirmeleri�nin yap�lmas�d�r. Burada, �Kullan�c� Sistemi� ile �Bina Sistemi� aras�nda ortak �zellikli tasar�m kriterleri olan �Form, Fonksiyon, Konstr�ksiyon�, bir ortak payda olu�turmakta ve inceleme konusunun test edilmesiyle de�erlendirmeleri yap�labilmektedir. Bu de�erlendirmelerle, mekansal performans�n oransal de�erlerle say�salla�t�r�lmas� sa�lanarak, istatistiki bilgi verebilecek �ekilde bir veri taban�n�n olu�turulabilece�i de d��n�lmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Toplu Konut, SAR Analizleri, Mekansal Performans �l��m�, Tasar�m Kriterleri, Konut De�erlendirme

Kozan Uzuno�lu, Harun �zer. Evaluation of Mass Housing at the Pre-Design Stage. Megaron. 2014; 9(3): 167-189

Corresponding Author: Kozan Uzuno�lu, K.K.T.C.

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