Assessment of Earth Structure Standards and Regulations in Turkey and the World in the Scope of Ecological Design

Zehra G�l�ah Ko�, Dilek Ek�i Akbulut
Department of Architecture, Division of Building Science, Yildiz Technical University Faculty of Architecture, Istanbul, Turkey

While structures are necessary to meet housing needs, on the other hand, the construction industry consumes a great quantity of resources, creating a problem that is global in scale. Supplying the materials, processing them, and transporting them to the construction site create significant environmental problems. Therefore, to reduce waste, preserve resources, and to increase energy efficiency, an ecodesign approach is now being considered. In this study, ecodesign principles and materials were examined, and earth structure techniques used in building since the early ages were analyzed. The standards and regulations used around the world were considered and products produced with earth materials were identified. In different countries there are different materials, construction techniques, and documents used in the production of earth structures. Although such structures are preferred in many countries, the number of countries linking earth structure production to standards and regulations is limited. This study was an examination and analysis of earth structure regulations and standards in Turkey.

Keywords: Ecological design, excavation soil; earth material; earth structure techniques.

Ekolojik Tasar�m Kapsam�nda D�nyada ve T�rkiye�de Toprak Yap� Standart ve Y�netmeliklerinin De�erlendirilmesi

Zehra G�l�ah Ko�, Dilek Ek�i Akbulut
Y�ld�z Teknik �iversitesi Mimarl�k Fak�ltesi, Mimarl�k B�l�m�, Yap� Bilgisi Anabilim Dal�, �stanbul

Yap�lar bir yandan bar�nma ihtiyac�n� kar��larken di�er yandan yap� �retiminde kullan�lan malzemelerin temini, �al��lacak boyuta getirilmesi, i�lenmesi ve nakliyesi g�z �n�nde bulunduruldu�unda yap�lar�n kaynak ve enerji t�ketimi ile at�k olu�umunda k�resel �l�ekte sorunlara neden olduklar� g�r�lmektedir. Bu kapsamda yap� �retiminde kaynak ve enerji verimlili�ini esas alan ve at�k olu�umunu azaltan, �evreye duyarl� ekolojik tasar�m anlay�� benimsenmeye ba�lanm��t�r. �al��mada; ekolojik tasar�m ve malzeme se�imi ile ekolojik tasar�m kapsam�nda toprak gere� incelenmi�; ilk �a�lardan g�n�m�ze kadar yap� �retiminde kullan�lan toprak yap� �retim tekniklerine k�saca de�inilmi�tir. Bu ba�lamda, d�nyada kullan�lmakta olan standart ve y�netmelikler ele al�nm��, toprak gere�le �retilen yap� �r�nleri belirlenmi�tir. Toprak yap�lar bir�ok �lkede tercih edilmekle birlikte toprak yap� �retimini �e�itli standart ve y�netmeliklere ba�layan �lke say�s� s�n�rl�d�r. Farkl� �lkelerde toprak yap� �retimi ile ilgili dok�manlar, kullan�lan farkl� malzemeler ve yap�m teknikleri bulunmaktad�r. Bu kapsamda T�rkiye�de toprak yap� y�netmelik ve standartlar� incelenerek toprak yap� �retiminde yeterlilikleri irdelenmi�tir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Ekolojik tasar�m, hafriyat topra��; toprak gere�; toprak yap�m sistemleri.

Zehra G�l�ah Ko�, Dilek Ek�i Akbulut. Assessment of Earth Structure Standards and Regulations in Turkey and the World in the Scope of Ecological Design. Megaron. 2017; 12(4): 647-657

Corresponding Author: Zehra G�l�ah Ko�, T�rkiye

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