Implementation Difficulties in the Planning of Istanbul Metropolitan Area: Experience of Kartal Transformation Project

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Implementation Difficulties in the Planning of Istanbul Metropolitan Area: Experience of Kartal Transformation Project [Megaron]

Megaron. 2018; 13(3): 407-421 | DOI: 10.5505/megaron.2018.50480

Implementation Difficulties in the Planning of Istanbul Metropolitan Area: Experience of Kartal Transformation Project

�zdemir S�nmez
Department Of Architecture, Istanbul Commerce University faculty of Architecture and Design, �stanbul, Turkey

�stanbul has grown in an uncontrolled way with unplanned and illegal buildings induced by industrialization and migration and turned into an �overgrown� city that hosts a number of urban problems since 1950s. With a view to stopping this adverse development and ensuring planned and healthy development of and raising the living quality in the metropolitan city through planning actions, an Environmental Arrangement Plan of Istanbul was drawn up through a collaboration between the Istanbul Metropolitan Planning Centre (IMP) and the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (IMM) during 2005-2009. In order to attain the goals established in the plan, some projects were chosen and tried to be implemented. One of most important projects developed for the eastern side of Istanbul is the project for transformation of the industrial area in Kartal into a Central Business District (CBD). One objective of the project is to create a new centre in the eastern part of the metropolis and thus reduce the daily commutation between the eastern and the western parts of the city as well as the heavy traffic through the strait crossing. Another aim is to redirect the capital and construction pressure which is concentrated on the metropolis to the wings. In this paper, I, as a person who took part in the planning work as an executive and performer, basically intend to evaluate the competition for and the planning process of the �Kartal urban transformation project� that has been proposed in accordance with the aforesaid goal as established in the Istanbul environmental arrangement plan and to discuss the attitude of the professional organizations against the plan from the points of the �public benefit, principles of urbanization, and principles of planning.�

Keywords: �stanbul, Istanbul Metropolitan Planning Center (IMP), public benefit; Kartal transformation project; planning principles; planning process.

�stanbul Metropoliten Alan Planlamas�nda Uygulama G��l�kleri: Kartal D�n��m Projesi Dene�imi

�zdemir S�nmez
�stanbul Ticaret �niversitesi Mimarl�k ve Tasar�m Fak�ltesi, Mimarl�k B�l�m�, �stanbul

�stanbul, 1950�li y�llardan buyana sanayile�me ve g��n yaratt�� plans�z ve yasad�� yap�larla kontrols�z b�y�yerek bir�ok kentsel sorunu b�nyesinde bulunduran �azman� bir kente d�n��m��t�r. Bu sorunu durdurarak metropoliten kentin planl� ve sa�l�kl� geli�mesi, planlama eylemleriyle y�nlendirilebilmesi ve ya�am kalitesinin art�r�lmas� y�n�nde, 2005-2009 y�llar� aras�nda �stanbul Metropoliten Planlama Merkezi (�MP) ve �stanbul B�y�k�ehir Belediyesi (�BB) birlikteli�inde �stanbul �evre D�zeni Plan� haz�rlanarak tamamlanm�� ve planda belirlenen hedeflere ula�mak amac�yla baz� projeler belirlenerek uygulanmaya �al��lm��t�r. Bunlar�n i�inde en �nemli projelerden biri; �stanbul�un do�u yakas� i�in Merkezi �� Alan� (M�A) olarak �nerilen Kartal sanayi alan� d�n��m projesidir. Projenin bir amac�, metropol�n do�u yakas�nda yeni bir merkez yarat�larak, do�u-bat� aras�nda g�nl�k gidi�-geli�leri azaltmak, b�ylece bo�az ge�i�lerinde giderek artan ula��m yo�unlu�unu d��rebilmek, di�er bir amac� da sermayenin yap�l� �evreye olan talebinin metropol �zerinde yo�unla�an yap�la�ma enerji ve bask�s�n� merkezden uzakla�t�rarak kanatlara �ekmektir. Bu temel ama�lar �er�evesinde ve payda�lar�n �nemli oranda kat�l�m� ile haz�rlanan plan, birka� kez mahkemeye ta��narak iptal edilmi�, g�n�m�ze kadar uygulamaya ge�ememi�tir. Di�er yandan gerek s�z konusu alan i�inde ve gerekse metropol�n merkezi b�lgelerinde, par�ac�l ve bireysel projelerle, �evresiyle ba�lant�s�z, birbiriyle uyumsuz, bir b�l�m� planda donat� alanlar� olarak �ng�r�len alanlarda, mevzi planlar yoluyla binalar y�kselmeye devam etmektedir. Bu makalede temel olarak, �stanbul �evre d�zeni plan�nda yukar�da a��klanan hedef do�rultusunda �ng�r�len �kartal kentsel d�n��m projesi� yar��mas� ve planlama s�recini, �al��man�n y�r�t�c�s� olarak de�erlendirmesini yapmak ve plan�n kar��s�nda olu�an muhalif g�r��leri 2017 y�l� sonu itibariyle s�recin geldi�i a�ama perspektifinde �kamu yarar�, �ehircilik ilkeleri ve planlama esaslar�� er�evesinde tart��makt�r. B�ylece, �stanbul�un planlanmas� s�recinde, 2004 y�l�nda kurulan ve T�rkiye a��s�ndan farkl� bir model olmas� nedeniyle, mesleki �evrelerde olumlu/olumsuz uzunca bir s�re ele�tirilerin oda��nda yer alm�� olan �MP taraf�ndan haz�rlanan, �Kartal Merkez �mar Planlamas�� s�reci ve modeli tart��larak de�erlendirilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: �stanbul, �stanbul Metropoliten Planlama Merkezi (IMP), kamu yarar�; Kartal d�n��m projesi; planlama ilkeleri; planlama s�reci.

�zdemir S�nmez. Implementation Difficulties in the Planning of Istanbul Metropolitan Area: Experience of Kartal Transformation Project. Megaron. 2018; 13(3): 407-421

Corresponding Author: �zdemir S�nmez, T�rkiye

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