Changes in Urban Density; Case of Istanbul�s Massive Redeveloping Areas

Since the beginning of the year 2000, there have been significant changes under the name of �urban transformation� in Istanbul metropolitan
area and on top of the demolished housing areas, high density structures are being built. Thus, the morphological structure of the city with its
density texture changes significantly. While some people welcome this change for reasons such as �durable to earthquakes� and �modern architectures�,by a group of architects and city planners, urban transformation is regarded as quite alarming due to such reasons as the high density, inadequate public facilities will become much more inadequate and the sun availability of surrounding structures. With this point of view, the study explores the changes in Istanbul, especially in residential areas, with the dimension of �density� and discusses how the general picture is and will be formed in terms of density of population and structure, which are some of the most significant factors determining the quality of life. In this respect, the aim is to question how �urban transformation� practices in Istanbul are differentiated from existing urban fabric and how new structure that will last for at least 60-70 years have changed in terms of density and how the urban fabric evolved. In addition, in order to understand whether this change has similarities with other metropolitan cities, or how they are differentiated, the theoretical studies and other metropolitan cities� current data are reviewed and the definition of �urban density� and the theories that explain the concept of density in the planning literature are being discussed. In this direction, with the 6 selected sample projects to understand the density changes in the residential areas in Istanbul, the picture with the new projects developed in areas with high earthquake risks is examined comparatively.

Keywords: Urban fabric, urban transformation; urban density.

�stanbul�un Kentsel D�n��m S�recinde Konut Yo�unluklar� De�i�imi

�zdemir S�nmez
�stanbul Ticaret �niversitesi Mimarl�k ve Tasar�m Fak�ltesi, Mimarl�k Anabilim Dal�, �stanbul

2000�li y�llar�n ba��ndan buyana �stanbul metropol�nde �kentsel d�n��m� ad� alt�nda �nemli de�i�imler ya�anmakta, y�k�lan konut alanlar� yerine �ok daha yo�un yap�lar yap�lmaktad�r. B�ylece kentin yo�unluk dokusu ile birlikte morfolojik yap�s� da �nemli �l��de de�i�mektedir. Bu de�i�im, �depreme dayan�kl� olmas�� ve �modern mimarileri� gibi nedenlerle baz� insanlar taraf�ndan olumlu kar��lan�rken, �zellikle mimar ve planc�lardan olu�an di�er bir grup taraf�ndan y�ksek yo�unluklar�, yetersiz olan donat� alanlar�n�n �ok daha yetersiz hale gelece�i, bir�ok konutun g�ne� alamaz konumda olaca�� vb. nedenlerle olduk�a endi�e verici olarak de�erlendirilmektedir. Bu noktadan hareketle �al��ma, �stanbul�da �zellikle konut alanlar�nda ya�anan de�i�imleri �yo�unluk� boyutu ile ara�t�rmakta ve ya�am kalitesini belirleyen en �nemli etkenlerden biri olan n�fus ve yap� yo�unlu�u a��s�ndan nas�l bir tablo olu�tu�u/olu�aca�� konusunu tart��maktad�r. Bu do�rultuda �stanbul�da y�r�t�lmekte olan �kentsel d�n��m� uygulamalar�n�n mevcut doku ile nas�l farkl�la�t��n� ve en az 60-70 y�l varl��n� s�rd�recek olan yeni uygulamalar�n yo�unluk a��s�ndan nas�l de�i�ti�ini ve nas�l bir dokuya evrildi�ini sorgulamay� ama�lamaktad�r. Ayr�ca bu de�i�imin di�er metropol kentler ile benzerlikleri olup olmad��n�, ya da nas�l ayr��t��n� anlamak �zere, ilgili teorik �al��malar ve di�er metropol kentlere ait g�ncel veriler g�zden ge�irilmekte, �kentsel yo�unluk� tan�m� ve planlama literat�r�nde yo�unluk kavram�n� a��klamak �zere ortaya at�lan teoriler tart��lmaktad�r. Bu do�rultuda, �stanbul�da konut alanlar�nda ya�anan yo�unluk de�i�imlerini anlamak �zere se�ilen 6 �rnek proje ile deprem riskli alanlarda geli�tirilen yeni projelerin ortaya koydu�u tablo kar��la�t�rmal� olarak incelenmekte ve �stanbul�da gelecekte olas� yo�unluk da��l�m� �zerine de�erlendirmeler yap�lmaktad�r.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Kentsel doku, kentsel d�n��m; kentsel yo�unluk.

�zdemir S�nmez. Changes in Urban Density; Case of Istanbul�s Massive Redeveloping Areas. Megaron. 2019; 14(�zel Say�): 145-154

Corresponding Author: �zdemir S�nmez, T�rkiye

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