Throughout history, cities have functioned as centers where information flows, and is used, produced and distributed. However, as a result of transformations in the qualities of information transmitters, cities today are more receptive to anything that comes with the information flow. The information conveyed by the flow transforms the space and the city, and inundates the space with potentials stemming from the essence of the information flow itself. Today, the potentials carried into the space via the information flow diversify, transform, and fill the space, while constantly attributing new meanings to it. In brief, this study, in referring to the emergence of the Information City as the city of today, and assuming it to be full of potentials, brings into question the spaces of this city along with their potentials. The aim of the study is to make conceptual inferences about these new cities, their spaces and their potentials, while creating a discourse set in a new dictionary that can form the basis for an evaluation of these cities.

TTS 825 Thermal Insulation Requirements in Buildings (the obligatory standard) is still in effect and used for calculating the heating energy requirements of buildings in Turkey. The total solar heat gain through windows is calculated with the solar radiation table given in Appendix-C of TS 825. Although Turkey is divided into four different degree day regions according to this standard, Appendix-C offers the same solar radiation data for all regions. This study is aimed to investigate the appropriateness of the Appendix-C table for the different degree day regions. The hourly solar radiation on the vertical surfaces of a building envelope was calculated for 16 selected cities. Long-term sunshine duration data for each location were obtained from Turkish State Meteorological Service.
It is demonstrated that the solar radiation table given in Appendix-C of TS 825 is not appropriate for the four degree day regions. The calculated solar radiation values of the cities are considerably different from the table values, with the ratios varying between 3.03% and 69.15% for horizontal surfaces, 0.171% and 53.29% for south, 0.25% and 22.15% for north and 0.60% and 40.42% for east and west oriented surfaces.

This study examined structures of traditional civil architecture in the city center of Kahramanmaras and aims to describe the general characteristics. The meaning of this study ancient neighborhoods of the city of Maras, which is registered in the list of cultural assets Ekmekçi, Gazipasa, Kayabaşı, Kurtuluş, Turan and Yörükselim in 50 house is located in the urban. Maps of the traditional urban fabric, old photographs and engravings, Adana of Protection Regional Office and Kahramanmaras Museum Directorate registration slips structures are basic materials in this researc. Structures, as well as the study of the written and visual materials prepared plans and drawings of these structures and according to the findings of the general characteristics of the structures described in traditional civil architecture of the city of Kahramanmaras. As a result, the formation of traditional houses of Maras climate, topography features of the natural environment such as the social and economic structure has been found to be effective in a variety of variables. In this study also there is a work of documentation of Gözlüklü Ali House which arrived to our time. The house is evaluated in the light of contemporary protection principles and some preservation recommendations are given for the building. This work partly introduces civil architecture buildings of Kahramanmaraş and gives recommendations by reason of examinations and evaluations of this houses.

At the end of the19th century, Aydın was both the sanjak center and an important commercial center, whichwas connected to Izmir with the first railway line of Anatolia, through which the products of inner centers were transferred. In Aydın, as a growing sanjak center before the Independence War, most of the structures and buildings demolished; and the sanjak center was almost completely abandoned during the War. After the foundation of the young Turkish Republic, many efforts has been made in order to rebuilt Aydın according to new city plan, and made it viable centre. Especially, the lack of residential buildings for a small number of residents was among the basic problems in th city; and new residential buildings were constructed for the increasing number of residents.
In this context, the study aims to define the architectural characteristics, values, potentials, preservation problems of registered residential buildings, which were built between 1923 and 1950 in Aydın. It presents a comprehensive look at the architectural characteristics of residential buildings in Aydın; and the difficulties of identification and registration of architectural products of Turkish Republican period has been exemplified by the residential buildings in Aydın. The study indicates that in Aydın, the architectural characteristics of the residential buildings constructed between 1923 and 1950 represents both the new face of young Turkish Republic and the traditional living styles of public.

Due to rapid change in activities of modern society, buildings parts are needed to be changed in terms of space and function to adapt different functionalities and life conditions. One of the important examples have to be seen in the historical buildings that aren’t compatible with their environments and lost the original functions, disappear in time. It is very important that the re-functioning of the historical buildings, which are the most important representative of our culture and history, are significant for protecting the architectural value, mean and the memory of the buildings. Generally, re-functioning has been seen in monumental and industrial building but due to rapid urbanization, many historical house have to change their function.Historical Levantine houses mostly reside in Alsancak, but after the rapid urbanization in 1970, many of them have to change their function to the café of bar.
The main purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of the re-funcitoning to the historical houses in Alsancak, and propose some suggestions both re-functioning processes and legal regulation to decrease bad effects.

There has been transformation of the food retail sector in the last 20 years, accompanied by multi-nationalization of the supermarket sector itself. This has driven changes in the organization of procurement systems of supermarket chains, toward specialized wholesalers, and tough private quality and safety standards.
The debates on the supermarket revolution and its impact on small farmers take place in literature. One group authors defences that modern supply chains lead to the exclusion of small farmers because to meet requirements of supermarkets is hardest for them. Modern supply chains comprise the production and trade of high-value produce, usually destined for export to high-income markets or for supermarket retail. Despite that, some authors imply that there is not such a threat for small farmers.
In this context, this paper aims to examine the relationship between buyer and supplier and reveal the structural and behavioural stresses of modern supply chain in pear supply chain in Bursa (Gürsu). There are two research questions: 1) Are small farmers excluded from modern supply chains? 2) Are there differences between farmers in modern and traditional supply chains?
This paper used data collected from interviews were conducted with buyers and suppliers in fresh fruit and vegetable supply chains. Furthermore, survey was conducted with farmers in Bursa (Gürsu) to understand the characteristics of the pear supply chain.
The study has concluded that there is a dual structure which is working side by side and intertwined traditional and modern supply chain. Besides of that the other important result is that small farmers are not excluded from the modern supply chain and there are no differences between farmers in modern and traditional supply chain.

At the present day spaces should provide appropriate conditions in terms of physical environment elements in addition to being functional and aesthetic. To provide comfort conditions is important in terms of performing activities in the space without any difficulty, fatigue and loss of efficiency. Lighting issue is one of these conditions which is formed by light; the element of physical environment. The quantity and quality of a lighting scheme should be designed according to the users and activities. In this context, not only the illuminance but also specifications like colour and direction of light, distribution of the illuminance, illuminance level changes, glare, related by quality of lighting issues are important for preformation of the activities. In a lighting design, the illuminance distribution and level depends on the parameters like location and illuminance intensity distributions, dimension of space and reflectance of interior surfaces. In this paper, the effects of the these parameters to the artificial illuminance levels, uniform distribution of illuminance, glare values and energy use of lighting scheme are analysed on the case of an open plan office and the results are evaluated.

During and after the architectural production process the utilitarian-aesthetic perspective, that dominates the perception of spatial quality and architectural success in the West has been named Ocular-centrism. However, this point of view, which locates the vision as a dominant discourse in architectural design, has been criticized for ignoring the physical and psychological relation created between the subject and the space during the spatial experience, sensual memory, movement and time.
The Phenomenon of Touch which can be identified through the interaction between the architecture and the subject depending on the physical and cognitive perception indicates another way of thinking and interpreting the architecture and the presence of another starting point for designing.
The aim of this study is to search and describe the Phenomenon of Touch by design concepts, to present the affects of the hapticity in spatial experience on the user and to present a visualization study for this Phenomenon, which is more difficult to express as the features which can be seen and measured numerical.
For the fieldwork five buildings designed by Peter Zumthor who declares the importance of the sensation, materiality and the atmosphere in the architectural design process. During the study, Zumthor’s abstract design elements, their use in architectural space and the affect was determined using a physical measurement. The findings have been represented in “haptic mapping”. This visualization study consists of “haptic scatter chart”, “materiality- affect analysis” and “sensation analysis” showed that, the Phenomenon of Touch and concepts identify it like sensations, influence, materiality and mental associations are not abstract and inaccessible assumptions, but tools which can be included in the architectural design process.